Vertebrates (Zebra fish) model:
A recent vertebrate model, the Zebra fish has proven to a very good model for toxicity testing. Studies on various chemicals have shown that Zebra fish have shown that 90% of these produced specific tissue, organ and behavioral toxicity. These have been used and validated in large scale high throughput screens for various psychotropic drugs. Their use has increased in the past two decades and a population-based atlas of the zebra fish brain has recently been developed. Zebra fishes develop rapidly, are small, inexpensive to maintain, in large numbers. Chemical administration can be done directly to fish water or by microinjection of small amounts of chemicals. The morphological and molecular basis of tissue and organ development are, in general, either identical or similar to other vertebrates including man. . It has a nearly transparent body during early development, which helps easy visual access to the internal anatomy. The optical clarity allows direct observation of developmental stages, identification of phenotypic traits during mutagenesis, easy screening, assessment of endpoint of toxicity testing and direct observation of gene expression through light microscopy. Small size, short life cycle and high fecundity favor its laboratory use. Drug metabolism can also be studied in hydra, a eumetazoan diploblastic organism belonging to the phylum Cnidaria.
Subtracks:
1. Pathophisiology
2. Pharmacotherapy